What Causes Conflict Between Team Members And...

In any business it is inevitable that employees will be working in teams. A work team is defined as an organized group, committed to the individuals within the group, whose members share the same intent of accomplishing a common goal. Businesses use teams because they can often achieve more than individuals, they can support each other, they can bounce ideas off each other, and they can creatively brainstorm together. Despite the recognizable proficiency of the use of teams in business, there is also an increase in the likelihood of conflict occurring due to the presence of overall differences among members of the team. What causes these differences, and how can they be managed and used to the company’s advantage? There are many factors to consider when determining what causes conflict between team members including communication, structure and personal issues. Communication factors are often the primary source of disagreement among individuals. Misunderstanding of infor mation, differences in interpretation and perception, cultural differences and poor listening can all contribute to information being poorly communicated and causing frustration among team members. Structural factors, such as the background of the team members, infrastructure, participation levels and size of team can also play a big role in causing conflict. In smaller groups, something like majority rule will not work. Employees participating and committing to a final decision will avoid conflictShow MoreRelated Communication Theory Essay examples996 Words   |  4 PagesCommunication Theory â€Å"Communication encompasses a great deal of human (and) animal activity, reading, writing, listening, speaking and viewing images, are all acts of communication† (Croft, 2004, p. 1) . Models or structures provide a recognized framework in organizations, structures consist of teams in a call center environment, which I work, desk are aligned in rolls complete with computer and telephone for effective communication purposes. Heading the team is the manager, he or she is responsibleRead MorePros and Cons of Team Building1750 Words   |  7 Pageseffectiveness of Team Dynamics and Conflict Resolutions. This presentation will show the following: ïÆ'Ëœ What makes a team effective ïÆ'Ëœ Pros and Cons of teaming ïÆ'Ëœ How different personalities can come together for a common goal ïÆ'Ëœ How the team builds mutual trust ïÆ'Ëœ How a team accomplishes their goals. ïÆ'Ëœ Finally, how different ideas can become a group idea. What makes a Team Effective? 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Families of the victims celebrated for three hours before mine company officials informed them that the report was wrong and 12 of the 13 miners were dead. The families would later report that a mine foreman, who had overheard the rescue team, had contacted the families with the information and the media picked the story upRead MoreCase Analysis Project- Precista Tools AG1331 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The main story of the case Precista Tool AG is about the conflict in a family business, which showed in the following areas: (1) Parent-child conflicts family dynamics; (2) Management succession problems; (3) Business-family complications and (4) The plight of women managers. Mr. Huebel and his daughter Greta have different insights in several aspects in the management of the business after Greta was appointed as the manager of financial and administrator of the company in 1983. DuringRead MoreDecision Making : An Integral Part Of Management1566 Words   |  7 Pagesnot always wrong, but in some cases can cause serious issues. â€Å"Helping Hands† is a non-profit charity organization with 10 employees and 20 volunteers, that had steady growth for 5 years and recently became even more busy, as during the last 6 months due to economic downturn more people needed help. The owner of the company was no longer able to manage daily activities, as she was busy negotiating with other organizations, so she decided to change the structure of the company and promote one of theRead MoreFactors That Go Into Making A Healthy And Thriving Ministry Essay1589 Words   |  7 Pages One of the most important key factors to making a healthy ministry would to insure proper communication between all staff members in your ministry. If any communication links are broken, it can have a devastating impact on the relationships between staff members, making it hard to work and grow as a team. Ethical Dilemma While the senior pastor was on vacation for a week, it was up to the ministry team to run the Sunday morning service. This would be the first time the senior pastor has been

Suffering and Death in Africa Essay - 913 Words

In Africa, it is a known fact that many people are suffering from a variety of diseases. Currently, the most common diseases is HIVs/AIDs, which is especially a problem in South-Africa. Almost 68 percent of the people suffering from diseases have HIVs/AIDs. It was recorded that out of 58.03 million people who died globally in 2005, 10.9 million were from Africa. And also that almost 50% the population in Africa lack of access to essential medicines, meaning that people are suffering and dying from the simple lack of materials. While more than 70 percent of HIV infection worldwide is through heterosexual sex, in sub-Saharan Africa the percentage is higher (Jackson 2002). Another way that HIV is transmitted is HIV-infected mother to her†¦show more content†¦But ARVs drugs don’t prevent infection or cure the virus. But they do, however, put a stop to life cycle of the virus, preventing its reproduction and its life cycle. ARVs can reduce the patients viral load to undete ctable levels. But ARVs were unaffordable in Africa until 2001 when an Indian drug company, Cipla, offered to provide a years supply for $350, one-fortieth the cost in countries such as the United States. Although the price of ARVs has fallen dramatically, only a few Africans have access to the drugs. Also not only is it the lack of transportation but also the lack of knowledge that have affected the people. With better knowledge there could be nurses and doctors helping out the people in need. And it is because of the lack of clean medical equipment’s, malnutrition, parasitic infection, poor sanitation, knowledge and lack of transportation that many people are suffering and dying each and every day. An American scientist, Peter Duesberg, stated that the HIVs/AIDS known and recognized in African are no way simile and are completely different from the HIVs/AIDS found in American and European. Duesberg said that, they way HIV is transmitted and handled in the USA and Eu rope are not in any way similar in the way it is transmitted in Africa. In Africa the HIV virus is not very commonly responsible for any of the sexually transmitted disease that have been happening in the USA and Europe. He stated that many of the diseases that are diagnosed as AIDS inShow MoreRelated Africas Health Care Crisis Essay1529 Words   |  7 Pages The residents of Africa are suffering from preventable, treatable, and fatal diseases everyday at a higher rate compared to developed countries. The healthcare crisis in Africa is the primary cause of all these deaths, and includes inefficient healthcare systems. Consequently, Africans inefficient healthcare systems results in poor delivery of care and a shortage of health professionals. 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Shafron V Australian Securities and Investments Commission

Question: Discuss about the Shafron V Australian Securities and Investments Commission. Answer: Introduction It was in the year 2012, that a significant clarification of the scope of the duties of the directors of a corporation was provided by the High Court of Australia in the case of Shafron v Australian Securities and Investments Commission (2012) 286 ALR 612 (Shafron) (High Court of Australia, 2012). This was the case in which the extent of the responsibility of an individual who has been granted a position of an officer within the meaning of section 9 of the Corporations Act 2001 (CA). Also, it was clearly stated that an individual who has been an officer could undertake dual roles within an organization under section 9 of the Act as per the extent of responsibility which was provided in this case (Scott, 2012). So, in these kinds of cases the dual roles were not able to be departed for the objectives of examining the duty of care and diligence which was owed by the officer under section 180(1) of the Act. So, in this case, Shafron has specifically clarified what all comprises of participation in making a pronouncement for the objectives of the meaning of the word Officer which was stated in s 9(b) (i) of the CA (Sainty Law, 2012). Background and facts of the Case In August 1998, Mr. Shafron i.e. the plaintiff was appointed by Hardie as a general advocate and company secretary (CS) of the corporation. Though, until November 1998 he was not appointed by the corporation as a CS in a formal manner. In November 1999 with the plaintiff, Mr. Donald Cameron was employed as a united CS of Hardie. In February 2001, the board of directors of Hardie had a meeting in order to consider an offer to depart from the James Hardie group two corporations with major asbestos obligations. The Plaintiff was found to have been in contravention of the section 180(1) of the Act by: Failing to recommend the board of directors of Hardie, that some supplementary data in regard to the partition offer would have been revealed to the Australian Stock Exchange, and Failing to recommend the board of directors of Hardie that an actuarial statement on which the board of directors were dependent in bearing in mind the division proposal did not grant for superimposed price rise when a cautious story would have done so (Tam, 2012). Outline the duties/responsibilities breached and explain why the duties were breached. Section 180(1) of the CA, specifically states that directors of an organization must perform their authorities and fulfill their obligations with the due extent of care and diligence that a prudent individual would work out if they were: The directors or officers of an organization in the situations of an organization; and The officers who were engaged in the office which was held by at the same time had the similar tasks within the organization as, the director or officer (DApice and Curran, 2012). Duties of directors which have been defined under section 180(1) of CA connect not only to directors but to the officers in a broad manner. It was established by the Court of Appeal that the plaintiff was an officer on two different basics as; He was the CS of Hardie, and He was an individual who makes, or contributes in making pronouncements that put an impact upon the entire, or a considerable part, of the trade of the organization. On request, the plaintiff disputed that his duties while being in the position of a CS were restricted to the roles of the CS, and did not broaden to his broad counsel roles (Freeman, 2016). The Plaintiff also want to demarcate his roles while being in the position of a CS by disagreeing that they should be associated to the roles of his cooperative CS, Mr. Cameron, whose roles were chiefly managerial. It was further argued by the plaintiff that he was not an individual who contributed in making the verdict in connection to the parting offer, as it was a pronouncement for the board of directors, of which he was not a part. Lastly, the plaintiff stated that if he was a bureaucrat (on either basis), he had, in any occasion, not violated his obligations in connection both the concern relating to the ASX or the actuarial (Australian Institute of Company Directors, 2017). It was clearly observed by the tribunal that it was significantly to be suspicious for the fact that Mr. Shafron being the director of the corporation could have implemented certain roles in a capacity of a CS and other functions like being a general counsel. There was no proof that the plaintiff has performed some tasks in one capacity and other work in another. Because the responsibilities of a specific CS in specific corporations were the matters of fact, proof of the roles of Mr. Cameron did not show that company secretarial functions of the plaintiff were correspondingly administrative (Hickey and Lam, 2015). The tribunal then measured whether, if the functions of Mr. Shafron could be separated, the division would have an effect on the result. It also renowned that section 180(1) (b) of the Act secures the degree of care and diligence by indicating to the office held and the tasks with the organization of the relevant officer (Comino, 2014). It was then that it was concluded by the tribunal that the term responsibilities which was mentioned in section 180(1) (b) have been defined as the real responsibilities of the authentic officer, not simply the statutory tasks of an individual who holds the office of CS. The findings of the Court of Appeal were at this time was agreed by the tribunals which granted a recommendation in connection to the issue of ASX which was within area of responsibility of the plaintiff. Also, the grant of such suggestion which was granted in connection to the actuarial issue was also within the area of responsibility which was imposed upon the plaintiff being in the position of the director (Wotton Kearney, 2012). Consequently, the responsibilities of Mr. Shafron by being in the position of a company secretary of Hardie were broad enough to hold up a judgment that he owed the duties of an officer in carrying out all of those responsibilities. As per the verdict which was given by the Court of Appeal of New South Wales was appealed and as per the Act the plaintiff was found to be in violation of his obligation of care and diligence by: Failing to give an opinion to the other directors on board that the draft ASX statement which was approved by the Board was deceptive; and Failing to give an opinion to the board that the information which was granted by actuarial Consultants i.e. the plaintiff had been preserved on behalf of JHIL, and This granted the foundation for a cash flow form which was measured by the board in connection to the projected reformation of JHIL, did not take into consideration the the price rises (Mire, 2014). Then the plaintiff approached the High Court and put forward his case. The basic reason of his petition was that though he established that section 180(1) of the CA although would be applicable on him as he was a CS. But the violation of section 180(1) which ASIC had suspected against him were alarmed with measures which he made in his competence as general advocate and not as an executive of JHIL. In other words it could be stated that, his function as general counsel and CS was isolatable into jobs which he embarked on as advocate, and then the responsibilities he assumed as CS. The idea which was provided and mentioned above was rejected that the plaintiff could segregate his tasks and competences. To a certain extent, it was concluded by the tribunal that the responsibilities of Mr. Shafron were inseparable and must be observed as an amalgamated completely (Norton Roseful Bright, 2012). So, in order to reach such conclusion it was specifically established that in order to settle on the range of everyday jobs of an official of a corporation, an individual must inspect all of the work which was carried out for that organization by that officer. In specific it was noted by the tribunal that: The capacity of the role of the plaintiff as a CS could not be determined simply by an evaluation to the function of his co-secretary, whose function never developed to be above merely managerial roles. The Plaintiff did not produced any proof which would have verified or suggested that he carried out certain tasks in the capacity of being a CS, while he carried out others in a different capacity of being a counsellor. The designation of general advocate and CS signified specifically that a significant part of the responsibility of the plaintiff was to take the essential ladders to make sure that JHIL have fulfilled with all pertinent lawmaking necessities. Such requirements include those that were applicable to JHIL as a listed corporation, and that this was related to the stipulation of essential recommendation (Konstantinidis, 2012). When a secured guidance from third parties was taken by the plaintiff then put that guidance before the board of directors of JHIL for its utilization, his liabilities did expanded for recognizing the restrictions of the recommendation which was provided by the third party. So, it was established and pronounced by the tribunal that the extent of care and diligence which was mentioned in section 180(1) of the Act was single-minded by observing at the situations of the organization. The section has also included the workplace and liabilities of a director within the organization that the director in subject had. Therefore, it was clearly specified by the tribunal that to what extend the director would be liable and what responsibilities he had within the organization, in spite of how or why those tasks came to be forced on the official. So, the appeal what the dismissed by the tribunal by stating that a person who was a CS with a lawful background would be predictable to raise issue relating to the probable misleading declarations which were there in revelation duties. Also, it was because of the close participation of the plaintiff in the actuary recommendation that the elevating of the restrictions of that recommendation was an accountability that fell within liability of the plaintiff while being in the position of a CS (Austin, Standen, and Reynolds, 2012). Implications The inference of the verdict which was granted in this case had no doubt been the subject of further discussion and investigation. As what was clearly observed in this case was that a CS who was also general advocate would not be able to simply divide his or her work among the capacity of being a general counsel and CS. It was done more or less, when that conduct was being questioned by the request of section 180(1) of the Act. CS with a lawful backdrop should also take into account that they have to not depend on opinion which was founded from third parties, and should make sure that the board was informed of the restrictions that instruction would have (Jacobson, 2012). Conclusion So, at the end it was concluded that the plaintiff had a far-reaching implications for those helping both as officer, within the meaning of section 9 of the CA and other functions. The verdict makes it clear that the two functions were not departed for the objective of the obligation of care and diligence necessities of the CA. The function of an officer enlarges not only to the legislative responsibilities but to the responsibilities which were essentially undertaken by the officer. So, in this case, the plaintiff could not segregate his responsibilities as the CS and as general counsel. Finally the matter reconfirmed that the standard of care in section 180(1) as integrating the actual responsibilities the officer disturbed had within the corporation not just the statutory responsibilities. And, this verdict served as another advice to those who serve on boards which were covered by the CA, that a high standard of care would be required. Similarly a prejudiced knowledge as well as dedicated responsibilities may enlarge this standard further (Boyce, 2012). References Austin, R., Standen, M., and Reynolds, C. (2012) The High Court decides the James Hardie case. [Online] Minter Ellison. Available from: https://www.minterellison.com/files/uploads/Documents/Publications/Alerts/NA_20120509_JamesHardieDecision.pdf [Accessed on 19/1/17] Australian Institute of Company Directors. (2017) Role of the company secretary.[Online] Australian Institute of Company Directors. Available from: https://aicd.companydirectors.com.au/~/media/cd2/resources/director-resources/director-tools/pdf/05446-6-7-duties-directors_role-company-secretary_a4_web.ashx [Accessed on 19/1/17] Boyce, L. (2012) Shafron v ASIC - general counsel, or counsel of perfection?. [Online] Dibbs Barker. Available from: https://www.dibbsbarker.com/publication/Shafron_v_ASIC_-_general_counsel__or_counsel_of_perfection.aspx [Accessed on 19/1/17] Comino, V. (2014) James Hardie And The Problems Of The Australian Civil Penalties Regime, University of New South Wales Law Journal, 37(1), 195- 207. DApice, B and Curran, C. (2012) Company officers Duty of Care obligations for those who have more than one job description. [Online] Charities Not-For-Profits Law. Available from: https://www.charitiesnfplaw.com.au/2012/07/02/duty-of-care-obligations-for-employees-who-have-more-than-one-job-description/ [Accessed on 19/1/17] Freeman, I. (2016) Shafron V Australian Securities And Investments Commission [2012] Hca 18. [Online] Lavan. Available from: https://www.lavan.com.au/advice/corporate_services/james_hardie_when_is_an_in_house_counsel_liable_as_an_officer_of_a_company [Accessed on 19/1/17] Hickey, M, and Lam, V. (2015) Jumping at shadows shadow and de facto directors. [Online] Sparke Helmore Lawyers. Available from: https://www.sparke.com.au/insights/jumping-at-shadows-shadow-and-de-facto-directors/ [Accessed on 19/1/17] High Court of Australia. (2012) Peter James Shafron V Australian Securities And Investments Commission [2012] HCA 18. [Online] High Court of Australia. Available from: https://www.hcourt.gov.au/assets/publications/judgment-summaries/2012/hcasum18_Shafron_v_ASIC.pdf [Accessed on 19/1/17] Jacobson, D. (2012) ASIC V Shafron: Liability Of Company Secretary (James Hardie). [Online] Bright Law. Available from: https://www.brightlaw.com.au/asic-v-shafron-liability-of-company-secretary-james-hardie/ [Accessed on 19/1/17] Konstantinidis, K. (2012) In-house counsel may be exposed to prosecution, disqualification, penalty or payment of legal costs. [Online] Colin Biggers Paisley Lawyers. Available from: https://www.cbp.com.au/publications/2012/august/in-house-counsel-may-be-exposed-to-prosecution,-di [Accessed on 19/1/17] Mire, S.L. (2014) Its not Fair!: The Duty of Fairness and the Corporate Regulator, Sydney Law Review 36(445), 446. Norton Roseful Bright. (2012) The James Hardie Decisions: Australian Securities Investments Commission v Hellicar Ors [2012] HCA17; Shafron v Australian Securities Investments Commission [2012] HCA 18 [Online] Norton Roseful Bright. Available from: https://www.nortonrosefulbright.com/knowledge/publications/66582/the-james-hardie-decisions-australian-securities-investments-commission-v-hellicar-ors-hca17-shaf [Accessed on 19/1/17] Sainty Law. (2012) Shafron v ASIC: take-aways for General Counsel. [Online] Sainty Law. Available from: https://www.saintylaw.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/Shafron-Vs-ASIC-takeaway-August-2012.pdf [Accessed on 19/1/17] Scott, P. D. (2012) Shafron v Australian Securities and Investments Commission (2012) 286 ALR 612 , University of Tasmania Law Review 31(2) 155. Tam, K. (2012) The sting for General Counsel in the James Hardie decisions - Shafron v ASIC and ASIC v Hellicar. [Online] Hunt Hunt Lawyers. Available from: https://www.hunthunt.com.au/SiteMedia/w3svc1265/Uploads/Documents/Shafron%20decisionMay2012.pdf [Accessed on 19/1/17] Wotton Kearney. (2012) High Court Rules James Hardie Directors Approved Misleading Asx Release. [Online] Wotton Kearney. Available from: https://www.wottonkearney.com.au/downloads/case%20note%20-%20james%20hardie%20directors%20approved%20for%20misleading%20asx%20release.pdf [Accessed on 19/1/17]